Voenen Zhurnal 2/2023

CONTENTS

Research, Analysis, Foresees

LOGISTICS UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS – AN ALTERNATIVE IN SUPPORTING
SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES

Lieutenant colonel Nikolay Radoslavov
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract. The report examines the development of logistical unmanned aerial systems and the possibility of their use by Special Operations Forces. Unmanned aerial systems used in the civilian and military spheres are analyzed, and how their improvement can improve the support of the Special operations forces.

Keywords: logistic unmanned aerial systems; Special operations forces; special operation; logistics; supply.

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENCE

Dr. Svetoslav Velev, Assoc. Prof.
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract: The article presents a different perspective on nuclear, chemical and biological defence in the context of environmental management. The possibilities for the integrated use of the two functional areas to achieve environmental security at different levels are beeing analyzed. Argued is the hypothesis that actions for protection against nuclear, chemical, or biological threats contribute to environmental security, regardless of the target and the situation.

Keywords: force protection; ecology; environment; security

MODELING METHODS FOR IMPROVING COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT

Major Rosen Angelov
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract. The report examines methods, models and modeling approaches used in improving communications and information systems management.

Keywords: model; modelling; approaches; methods; management

Theory and Practice

KNOWN AND UNKNOWN IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES

Colonel Prof. Dr. Georgi Georgiev
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract: The report presents the essence, purpose, tasks, techniques, tactics and procedures for the development, placement and detonation of improvised explosive devices. The main characteristics of IED are presented. NATO‘s strategy for countering the IED system and threats from the use of IED is revealed, and the main guidelines and directions for its implementation are presented.

Keywords: improvised explosive device (IED); IED system; IED terrorist network; countering IED threats; NATO countering IED strategy

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS AN ADDITIONAL TOOL IN NATURAL DISASTERS ACCIDENTS

Yoto Yotov, Assist. Prof.
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract: The report presents the technical and methodological use of artificial intelligence in disaster hazards by defining the critical issue in disaster management. The applications of artificial intelligence such as tracking and mapping, geospatial analysis, remote sensing techniques, robotics, drone technology, machine learning, telecommunications and network services, accident and hotspot analysis, smart urban planning, transportation planning and impact analysis on the environment, are the

technological components of societal change that have significant implications for the scientific study of societal response to hazards and disasters. Used are different technologies and methods to study hazards and disasters through disciplinary, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary lenses, quantitative and qualitative data collection and data analysis strategies.

Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI); geographic information system (GIS); disaster management cycle (DMC); geographic database (GD)

USE OF UNMANNED SURFACE VEHICLES IN MARITIME OPERATIONS

Major Dimitar Yonchev, PhD Student
Rakovski National Defense College

Abstract. The report describes the application areas of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). It also addresses some of them and the advantages of these unmanned systems.

Keywords: remotely operated systems; unmanned surface vehicles; USV; Navy

QUALITY CONTROL – A KEY COMPONENT FOR THE EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF THE CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY SYSTEM

Dr. Elena Stoyanova, Assist. Prof.
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract: Quality control is becoming increasingly important as an essential component of the effective functionality of the aviation security system in an increasingly complex, uncertain and dynamic international environment. Notwithstanding the established normative regulation in the field of civil aviation security, monitoring activities show significant deficiencies and inadequate implementation of security measures. Тhe reasons for these results are mainly rooted in the human factor. The integration of control measures into the corporate culture of security, related to the attitude in the behavior of the whole organization towards the importance of aviation security and the responsibility of the human factor will provide a proactive response to ever changing and difficult to predict threats.

Keywords: aviation security; quality assurance; standards; effectiveness; human factor; corporate security culture

MILITARY ROAD WORKS IN THE AREA OF DEFENSE OPERATION

Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Danail Petev, Assist. Prof.
Rakovski National Defence College

Abstract: The report reveals the importance of military roads in securing the defence operations. The organization of military road works is presented. The main operational, technical and tactical requirements for military roads in the area of defence operation are revealed. The factors that influence on the stability of the objects of the road network into the defence operation zone are examined.

Keywords: military roads; military road works; column roads; military road network; defence operation; road network

METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION SECURITY USING THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY‘S CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE CYBERSECURITY FRAMEWORK NIST SP 800-53

Eng. Tsvetozar Nikolov, M.Sc.
National Revenue Agency
Dr. Veselina Aleksandrova, Assoc. Prof.
Rakovski National Defence College
Milena Ivanova
Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria

Abstract: The report proposes a methodology based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST SP 800- 53 framework. The framework is called the NIST Cyber Security Framework for Critical Infrastructure (CSF) and is applied to measure an organization’s critical infrastructure. The framework is the basis for building an approach for defining information security levels, developing a toolkit and a report for an organization’s security assessment. Standard guidelines and practices are given for taking measures to mitigate threats using the information and recommendations of good practices and international standards.

Keywords:        information        security;         cybersecurity; cybersecurity threats; cybersecurity assessment

GUIDELINES FOR AUTHORS

The purpose of these Guidelines is to ensure the highest possible visibility of published texts in scientific databases.

The guidelines have been developed in accordance with the current BDS ISO 690:2021 standard – Guidelines for bibliographic references and citations to information resources.

Voenen Zhurnal scientific journal only considers manuscripts that have not been published, or submitted for publication, in another journal. A submitted manuscript that does not fit the journal’s subject matter, or is not formatted according to the Guidelines, will be rejected without going through the anonymous review process.

The manuscript should contain original ideas and scientific results. Detailed presentation of theoretical statements, concepts or definitions freely available from other sources is discouraged. The journal reserves the right not to publish a manuscript found to have high similarity rate.

The manuscript should cite only references used in the text. Self-citations, as well as citation of sources not used in the text, do not contribute to the scientific impact of the manuscript.

A standard word processing program should be used to format the manuscript. Appendices in the form of graphs, tables, or illustrations must be readable and processable with programs commonly used for such purposes.

Preferably, manuscripts should be sent electronically as an attachment to the accompanying e-mail – to the e-mail address: zhurnal@rndc.bg. In the same email, the author should explicitly declare that the manuscript has not already been published or submitted for publication in another journal and that the text does not contain classified information.

Decision on publication will be taken based on the reviewers’ opinion. Editors may edit manuscripts when necessary.

Manuscript should be deemed accepted for publication when the author receives a letter of confirmation. If a confirmation letter is not received within six months within the submission, the author has the right to withdraw the manuscript in written form. The Journal does not make an explicit commitment to inform an author whose manuscript is considered rejected.

Manuscript preparation

General guidelines

  • Manuscripts may be submitted in Bulgarian or in English depending on the author’s opinion or on the reviewers recommendation. Manuscripts in other languages could be published at the discretion of the editors.
  • It is not recommended to specifically format the text itself with regard to tabs, bullets and other similar symbols. Tabs should be used for table layout only.
  • Recommended manuscript length: 40,000 characters (including spaces) – for a research article, and 20,000 characters – for a review. There are no formatting requirements in terms of font type and size.
  • Manuscripts should be compiled in the following order:
    • title of the paper (without any abbreviations);
    • names of the authors with their scientific degree, academic position and institution;
    • abstract, that indicates the research goal and methodology, and outlines the research novelty and results. The abstract should correspond to the title, keywords and main text of the study. Recommended abstract volume: 100 – 150 words;
    • 3 – 6 keywords, related to the topic, divided by each other with ; ;
    • full text;
    • acknowledgements (if any) – this is the place to thank other supporters, or to indicate funding for a survey which results lay in the manuscript;
    • appendixes (as appropriate);
    • notes;
    • references;
    • full business card of the author(s) – academic position, affiliation, personal ID in scientific databases, name of faculty and/or institution, postal address, e-mail address;
  • Figures (illustrations) and their captions, in addition to placing in the main text, should be separately provided in a supplementary file. Where the size of the figures is large and it is not possible to include them in the main text, their place is indicated by remarks (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, etc.).
  • Tables should be used for presenting numerical data and dependencies. Plain text tables are not encouraged, as they cause difficulties in reading and understanding the text. Tables and their captions – in addition to placing in the main text – should be separately provided in a supplementary file.

Notes

  • Notes are grouped as a separate paragraph after the main text. Their place in the main text is indicated as an upper index as endnotes. The Notes section also consists additional explanations or information, deemed as a burden to the main text.

References

  • The References list should contain only sources that are available in long term for checking or referring. All other (marginal) sources, should be listed in the ‘Notes’ section.
  • The references list should consist sources in Latin script. If there are sources in Cyrillic script, they should be presented in Latin script – preferably by transliteration, followed by indication for the original language [in square brackets].
  • Sources are being arranged in ascending order by last and by first author name, followed by the year of publication. In case of multiple sources with the same author and year, the year is followed by lower case letters (a, b, c…).
  • The references are being presented in accordance with the BDS ISO 690: 2021 standard (by name and year – Harvard system). The examples below show how this should be done.

Journal article

Consecutively are being listed author name, year of publication, article title, journal name (in italics), annual volume, issue number, page numbers (separated by a long dash).

REFERENCES

GRIGOROV, M., 2021. Antiteroristichni operatsii – ponyatie i spetsifiki pri provezhdaneto im. Voenen zhurnal, vol. 128, no 1, pp. 77 – 86. ISSN 0861-7392 [in Bulgarian].

Such a source is being indicated in the body text as (Grigorov 2021). If necessary to indicate specific page (e.g. p. 80), the indication is as follows: (Grigorov 2021, p. 80).

If an article in an online periodical is cited, after the journal name (in italics), the source of the text (accessible web address or DOI number) should also be placed at the end of the cited source.

LOMAZZI, L.; CADINI, F.; GIGLIO, M. & MANES, A., 2022. Vulnerability

assessment to projectiles: Approach definition and application to helicopter platforms.

Defence Technology, vol. 18, no 9, pp. 1523 – 1537. Available on: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

dt.2021.09.001. [last viewed: 29 October 2022].

Such a source is indicated in the body text as (Lomazzi, Cadini, Giglio & Manes 2022), or as (Lomazzi et al. 2022).

Books

The book title is given in italics. Mentions also are the city and the publisher of the book.

REFERENCES

NEDYALKOV, D., 2022. 130 godini balgari v nebeto. Kratka istoria na balgarskata voenna aviatsia. Sofia: Prozorets. ISBN 9786192432300. [in Bulgarian].

Such a source is indicated in the body text as (Nedyalkov 2022). If necessary to indicate specific page (e.g. pp. 18 – 19), the indication is as follows: (Nedyalkov 2022, pp. 18 – 19).

Edited books

Only the title of the cited book / collection is given in italics, after the title is indicated the page range of the quoted text.

REFERENCES

YORDANOV, P., 2022. Izsledvane na riskovete za kibersigurnostta vav vaorazhenite sili na Bulgaria. In: Savremenni aspekti na sigurnostta –predizvikatelstva, podhodi, reshenia, pp. 357 – 366. Sofia: Izdatelstvo G.S. Rakovski. [in Bulgarian].

Conclusion

  • By submitting a text and/or illustrations for evaluation and possible publication, the author agrees to grant the rights for publication to Voenen Zhurnal for a period, in accordance with the Authorship Rights Bulgarian law. Published text should not be freely distributed, including through academic and social networks for sharing research results (e.g. ResearchGate.net and Academia.edu).
  • In academic and social networks for sharing research results, the author only shares the manuscript in the originally submitted for consideration version. If the manuscript is being published, after the publication the author adds to the shared original manuscript the name, volume and issue of the journal in which the text was published.
  • Publication of a manuscript does not necessarily imply editorial agreement with the views advocated by the authors.